THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF LITERATURE IN THE GOLDEN HORDE PERIOD

Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the formation and development process of literature during the Golden Horde period. Changes that took place in the literature of Turkic-speaking peoples between the 13th and 15th centuries are examined, with particular attention to the influence of Islam, Sufi worldview, and palace culture. The article highlights the mutual impact of Turkic traditions and Persian-Arabic literature on the formation of written literature, analyzing the works of poets and writers such as Kutb, Khorezmi, Saif Sarai, Ahmed Yasawi, and Ahmed Yugnaki in a historical-literary context. Special emphasis is placed on determining the role and significance of the literary heritage of the Golden Horde region in the development of the Kazakh literary language. Additionally, issues of cultural integration and spiritual heritage continuity within the framework of literature and historical consciousness are discussed, with conclusions drawn that demonstrate the deep roots of today's national literature.